He polydimethylsiloxane i ho'opau 'ia ka lāpili maka o ka lā'au silikoni wai, a penei kona 'ano mole:
n e hōʻike ana i ka degere o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, maʻamau mai 150 a 2000. Loaʻa ia ma o ka polymerization catalytic equilibrium o D a me 1, 3-divinyl-1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisiloxane.
Loaʻa ka vulcanization o ka ʻili silicone wai ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka silane catalytic o ka methyl vinyl raw rubber a me ka hydrogen-loaʻa ka ʻaila silicone crosslinking agent i loko o ʻekolu mau hui silane a ʻoi aku paha. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena hoʻōla maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka ratio molar o nā pūʻulu silikona i nā pūʻulu vinyl ma ke ʻano maʻamau he 1.5 a i ka 2. ʻO ka lāʻau silikoni wai he ʻelua- ʻāpana me ka ratio hui ʻana o 1:1. ʻO ka Component A he silicone raw rubber, fillers, catalysts and inhibitors, aʻo Component B he silicone raw rubber, fillers, crosslinking agents and inhibitors. Hoʻohana ka nui o nā ʻōpala silikoni wai i nā paʻi platinum maikaʻi loa ʻo Pt(0)·1.5[CH=CH(CH :)zSi]zOkarsted catalyst) a me P(0)·1.5[CH=CH(CH:)Si0](Oshby{15}}Karsted catalyst) ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe. Aia ma waena o (5 a 10)x10 ⁻ ka ʻike o ka platinum. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka wai silicone rubber i kahi manawa paʻa o ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kona manawa vulcanization, ʻo nā inhibitors nā mea pono ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nui o nā mea hoʻohuihui i hoʻopiha ʻole ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻopaneʻe vulcanization no ka lāʻau silikoni wai, e like me nā maleate esters, fumarate esters, alkyne pūhui e like me butynediester, 3-methyl-1-butyne-3-alcohol, 1-acetylicyclohexanol, 3-cophenyl-3-1-butyhol. ʻO 5-propyl-1-octyne-3-ʻona, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Aia kekahi mau mea i loko o ka nitrogen, ka phosphorus a me ka sulfur e like me azodicarbonyl a me triazolinedione derivatives, amines, phosphines, phosphites, sulfoxides, etc.
Ua mana'o 'ia ma mua e ho'opa'a 'ia nā mea pa'i i ka ho'ohehe'e'ana o ke silika -hydrogen ma o ka ho'opili 'ana i nā metala, a ma lalo o nā kūlana sulfidation, hiki iā lākou ke ho'oku'u i nā catalysts kūpono. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hou ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hoʻopaneʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa ke kāohi i nā hopena sulfidation e nā metala paʻakikī, akā naʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pae a hana i nā microdroplets e hoʻokaʻawale i ka catalyst mai ka substrate.
No ka pulupulu silicone wai, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka Component A, ʻoiai ʻo ka Component B ʻelua i loaʻa nā mea hoʻopaneʻe. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka ʻike o ka catalyst a me ka mea paʻa e hōʻoia i ka wai silicone rubber i aneane ʻaʻohe hopena vulcanization i ka lumi wela, akā wikiwiki loa ka wikiwiki vulcanization i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike nā kiʻi ʻelua i nā hiʻohiʻona vulcanization o kahi pahu silikoni wai maʻamau i nā wela like ʻole. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka hui ʻia ʻana o nā mea A a me B i ka lumi wela, e lawe ana ia i 70 a 100 mau hola no kahi pae nui o ka vulcanization e hiki mai. Ma ka -20 degere, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka hopena sulfidation. Ma ka 180 degere, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hopena vulcanization i loko o ʻumi kekona.
Inā hoʻololi ʻia nā pūʻulu silanol a pau ma ka ʻili o ka silica i hoʻohana ʻia i mea hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha e nā hui trialkylsiloxy, e nāwaliwali loa kona hopena mānoanoa ma ka silicone raw rubber. No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano silica no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻili silicone wai. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā hui vinyl i nā pūʻulu hoʻololi ʻili o ka silica, e like me 1, 3-divinyl-1,1,3, 3-tetramethyldisilazane no ka hoʻololi ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka silica me ka Vinyl i kāna hopena hoʻoikaika 125 ma o ke komo ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻohui cross-linking.
Eia kekahi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka resin silicone MQ no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka rubber silicone wai. MQ silicone resin he organosilicon resin i haku ʻia me hoʻokahi -mana M units (RgSiO.5) a me ʻehā-mana Q units (SiO4x0.s). ʻO ka papa o loko o kona mole he hīnaʻi-e like me ke ʻano sio2 inorganic, ʻoiai ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka ʻaoʻao waho e nā hui kūlohelohe. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kaumaha molekala o ka resin silicone MQ e ka ratio molar o M a me Q chain units. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana hoʻohui Q{11}}, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha molekala, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a i ʻole ka lāʻau silicone. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia resin ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopiha hoʻoikaika no ka hoʻohui ʻana-ʻaʻole wale ka hopena hoʻoikaika maikaʻi loa, akā hiki nō hoʻi i ka pūhui pulupulu ke loaʻa i ka wai maikaʻi a me ka ʻike pono maikaʻi, kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea ipu, a pēlā aku. ʻO kēia mau pūʻulu hana ma ke ʻano he 2.5% a hiki i ka 10% (haʻi molar) o ka nui o nā hui organik āpau.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka resin silicone MQ i ʻelua ʻano: ke ʻano aniani wai a me ke ʻano silicate. Loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻelua ko lākou pono a me nā hemahema. ʻO ke ʻano aniani wai e pili ana i ka pane ʻana o ka organodisiloxane i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana oxygen -hana hoʻokahi me ka wai wai o nā silicates (kiʻi wai) i loko o kahi ʻano alkyd (Equation 6.5). Hōʻike kēia ʻano hana i kahi kaʻina hana maʻalahi, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi e hana i nā resins me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa M / Q.
ʻO ke ʻano silicate ʻo ia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana iā ia e ka hopena equilibrium o organodisiloxane a me tetrafunctional orthosilicate i loko o kahi ʻano alkyd. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mana maʻalahi o ka ratio M/Q a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kaumaha molecular haiki.
